Born in Haarlem, the son of the painter Paulus Wouwermans, he was probably trained by his father and by
Frans Hals. His work was influenced by the landscapes of
Jan Wijnants and by the scenes of Italian peasant life of Pieter van Laer, who returned to Haarlem from Rome in 1638.
Wouwermans became a member of the Haarlem painters'
guild in 1640 and his earliest dated paintings are of 1646.