The story of these lovers comes from the work of the Greek writer Longus (3rd or 4th century AD). In his pastoral romances it is related how the shepherd Daphnis, who was taught to play music by Pan, pursued various adventures with his lover Chloe. They were separated, but finally happily reunited and married.
The Collection contains a painting of a 'Pair of Lovers' by Bordone which perhaps depicts Daphnis and Chloe.