Sir Joshua Reynolds, 'Colonel Tarleton', 1782
About the work
Overview
Reynolds portrays Banastre Tarleton (1754–1833) aged 27, in action as commandant of the British Legion cavalry in the War of American Independence. Tarleton was famed for his reckless bravery and savagery, as well as for his vanity. He later became MP for Liverpool and defended the slave trade, on which his family’s fortune had been founded. He was made a general in 1812 and a baronet in 1816.
Reynolds portrays Tarleton momentarily dismounted on a battlefield, with gun-smoke swirling behind him. Wearing the uniform of the British Legion, he props one leg up on a cannon to re-fix his sword to his belt before changing horses. Reynolds frequently drew on ideas from old master paintings, drawings and antique sculpture for his compositions. Tarleton’s pose appears to be based on works by Rembrandt, Tintoretto and an ancient Roman sculpture of Hermes.
Key facts
Details
- Full title
- Colonel Tarleton
- Artist
- Sir Joshua Reynolds
- Artist dates
- 1723 - 1792
- Date made
- 1782
- Medium and support
- oil on canvas
- Dimensions
- 236 × 145.5 cm
- Acquisition credit
- Bequeathed by Mrs Henrietta Charlotte Tarleton, 1951
- Inventory number
- NG5985
- Location
- Not on display
- Collection
- Main Collection
- Previous owners
- Subjects
Provenance
Additional information
Text extracted from the ‘Provenance’ section of the catalogue entry in Judy Egerton, ‘National Gallery Catalogues: The British Paintings’, London 2000; for further information, see the full catalogue entry.
Exhibition history
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2015Fighting HistoryTate Britain9 June 2015 - 13 September 2015
Bibliography
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1782'Contemporary Account of Tarleton's Return after Defeat', Morning Post, 1782
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1782'Critical Reception of Painting at RA Exh. 1782', Public Advertiser, 1782
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1782'Critical Reception of Painting at RA Exhibition, 1782', St. James's Chronicle, 1782
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1782'Cornwallis' Praise for Tarleton from Field of Battle', Westminster Gazette, 1782
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1782'Vignette after Portrait and Account of Tarleton's Exploits', Westminster Magazine, 1782
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1782London, Royal Academy Library: Reynolds' Sitter Book, 1782
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1784Liverpool, Liverpool Record Office, Roscoe Papers 920.ROS.3112: Letter from Reynolds to William Roscoe, 2 October 1784
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1784New Haven, Yale Center for British Art, Reynolds MS 15: Letter from Reynolds to William Roscoe, 16 October 1784
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1787B. Tarleton, History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America, London 1787
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1787'Strictures on Lieutenant-Colonel Tarleton's "History", 1787, from Lieutenant Roderick Mackenzie', Morning Post, 1787
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1794P. Pindar, Lyric Odes to the Royal Academicians, for M,DCC,LXXXII, London 1794
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1797'Obituary Notice of Mrs Jane Tarleton, part 2', Gentleman's Magazine, 1797, pp. 615-6
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1873M.M. Boatner, Biographical Dictionary of the American War of Independence, London 1873
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1877J.W.C. Carr, The Grosvenor Gallery Illustrated Catalogue: Winter Exhibition (exh. cat. Grosvenor Gallery, 1877-8), London 1877
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1899A. Graves and W.V. Cronin, A History of the Works of Sir Joshua Reynolds P.R.A., 4 vols, London 1899
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1919L. Bettany, Edward Jerningham and His Friends, London 1919
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1935F.G. Stephens and D.M. George, Catalogue of Political and Personal Satires, London 1935
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1937H. Walpole, Horace Walpole Correspondence, ed. W.S. Lewis, 48 vols, New Haven 1937
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1955The National Gallery, The National Gallery: 1938 - 1954, London 1955
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1958R.D. Bass, The Green Dragoon: The Lives of Banastre Tarleton and Mary Robinson, London 1958
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1959Davies, Martin, National Gallery Catalogues: British School, 2nd edn (revised), London 1959
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1964P. Mackesy, The War for America 1755-1783, London 1964
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1968M. Cormack, 'The Ledgers of Sir Joshua Reynolds', The Walpole Society, XLII, 1970, pp. 105-69
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1975E. Wright, The War of American Independence, London 1975
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1976H. Potterton, Reynolds and Gainsborough, Themes and Painters in the National Gallery 2, London 1976
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1977J. Mills and R. White, 'Analyses of Paint Media', National Gallery Technical Bulletin, I, 1977, pp. 57-9
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1978J. Ingamells, Mrs Robinson and her Portraits, Wallace Collection Monographs 1, London 1978
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1981J. Reynolds, Discourses on Art, ed. R.R. Wark, London 1981
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1984W.Y. Carman, 'Banastre Tarleton and the British Legion', Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research, LXII, 1984, pp. 127-31
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1986R.G. Thorne (ed.), Character of Tarleton, London 1986
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1986J.T. Hayes, 'Reflections on Reynolds at the Royal Academy Two Hundred Years on', Apollo, CXXIII/290, 1986, pp. 246-53
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1987R. Simon, The Portrait in Britain and America: With a Biographical Dictionary of Portrait Painters 1680-1914, Oxford 1987
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1988J.D. Stewart, 'Pigalle, the Antique, et al.,: The Genesis of Reynolds's Banastre Tarleton', Gazette des beaux-arts, CXII, 1988, pp. 261-8
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1994G. Perini, 'On Reynolds's Art of Borrowing: Two More Italian Sources', The Burlington Magazine, CXXXVI/1090, 1994, pp. 433-70
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1997J. Richardson, Looking at Pictures: An Introduction to Art for Young People Through the Collection of the National Gallery, London 1997
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1998J. Egerton, The British School, London 1998
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2000Egerton, Judy, National Gallery Catalogues: The British Paintings, revised edn, London 2000
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2000D. Mannings, Sir Joshua Reynolds: A Complete Catalogue of His Paintings, New Haven 2000
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2001
C. Baker and T. Henry, The National Gallery: Complete Illustrated Catalogue, London 2001
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2003I. McIntyre, Joshua Reynolds: The Life and Times of the First President of the Royal Academy, London 2003
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2004S. Adams, Sir Banastre Tarleton, Leintwardine 2004
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2005W. Bennett, 'Americans to Pay Millions to Recapture Battle Flags', Telegraph, 2005
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2005M. Postle et al., Joshua Reynolds: The Creation of Celebrity (exh. cat. Palazzo dei Diamanti, Ferrara, 13 February - 1 May 2005; Tate Britain, 26 May - 18 September 2005), London 2005
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2006S. Kiffer, 'Revolutionary Colours', Sotheby's Preview, 2006, pp. 102-3
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2006H. Mount, 'American Revolution Flags Sold for £9m by Briton', Telegraph, 2006
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2006Sotheby's, Four Battleflags of the Revolution: Captured by Lt.-Col. Banestre Tarleton in 1779 and 1780, the Property of Capt. Christopher Tarleton, New York, 14 June 2006
About this record
If you know more about this painting or have spotted an error, please contact us. Please note that exhibition histories are listed from 2009 onwards. Bibliographies may not be complete; more comprehensive information is available in the National Gallery Library.