Born in Lyons, the son of an ornamental craftsman, Vollon was initially apprenticed to an
engraver in metal. He studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Lyons from 1850 to 1853 under the engraver Vibert, and worked as a decorator of enamelled pans and stoves. In 1859 he moved to Paris, where he met Théodule Ribot, and began to paint
still lifes. He also associated with
Daubigny and
Daumier. He exhibited at the
Salon from 1864. Although he is best known for his still lifes, influenced by Dutch 17th-century painting, he also painted landscapes.