Hendriks was born in Amsterdam and received his artistic training in a workshop that produced decorative wall paintings for the elegant homes of wealthy art lovers. By 1776, he had moved to Haarlem, where he worked for the remainder of his life.
From 1786 until 1819, Hendriks was ‘concierge’ of the Teylers Stichting (now Teylers Museum) and also curator of its art collection.
He was an exceptionally versatile painter, producing portraits, landscapes, genre scenes and still lifes.